u8 string literals

5 files changed, 176 insertions, 178 deletions

diff --git a/test/test_common.hpp b/test/test_common.hpp
index 3d7ecba..fd16364 100644
--- a/test/test_common.hpp
+++ b/test/test_common.hpp
@@ -30,31 +30,31 @@ int unlink_cb(const char* fpath, const struct stat* sb_unused, int typeflag, str
 namespace fud {
 
 // NOLINTBEGIN(cppcoreguidelines-macro-usage)
-#define MULTI_BYTE_LITERAL "test今日素敵はですねƩ®😀z"
+#define MULTI_BYTE_LITERAL u8"test今日素敵はですねƩ®😀z"
 static_assert(sizeof(MULTI_BYTE_LITERAL) == 38); // NOLINT(readability-magic-numbers)
-#define TWO_BYTE "Ʃ"
+#define TWO_BYTE u8"Ʃ"
 static_assert(sizeof(TWO_BYTE) == 2 + 1);
-#define THREE_BYTE "今"
+#define THREE_BYTE u8"今"
 static_assert(sizeof(THREE_BYTE) == 3 + 1);
-#define FOUR_BYTE "😀"
+#define FOUR_BYTE u8"😀"
 static_assert(sizeof(FOUR_BYTE) == 4 + 1);
 
-#define CHQUOTE "why waste time learning, when ignorance is instantaneous?"
+#define CHQUOTE u8"why waste time learning, when ignorance is instantaneous?"
 
-#define LOWERCASE_CHARS "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
-#define UPPERCASE_CHARS "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
-#define DECIMAL_CHARS "0123456789"
-#define HEX_LOWER "abcdef"
-#define HEX_UPPER "ABCDEF"
+#define LOWERCASE_CHARS u8"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+#define UPPERCASE_CHARS u8"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+#define DECIMAL_CHARS u8"0123456789"
+#define HEX_LOWER u8"abcdef"
+#define HEX_UPPER u8"ABCDEF"
 #define HEX_CHARS HEX_LOWER HEX_UPPER DECIMAL_CHARS
 #define ALPHA_CHARS LOWERCASE_CHARS UPPERCASE_CHARS
 #define ALPHA_NUMERIC_CHARS ALPHA_CHARS DECIMAL_CHARS
-#define PUNCTUATION_CHARS "!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~"
+#define PUNCTUATION_CHARS u8"!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~"
 #define GRAPHICAL_CHARS ALPHA_NUMERIC_CHARS PUNCTUATION_CHARS
-#define BLANK_CHARS " \t"
-#define SPACE_CHARS BLANK_CHARS "\v\r\n"
-#define PRINTABLE_CHARS " " LOWERCASE_CHARS UPPERCASE_CHARS DECIMAL_CHARS PUNCTUATION_CHARS
-#define CHARACTER_SET LOWERCASE_CHARS " " UPPERCASE_CHARS
+#define BLANK_CHARS u8" \t"
+#define SPACE_CHARS BLANK_CHARS u8"\v\r\n"
+#define PRINTABLE_CHARS u8" " LOWERCASE_CHARS UPPERCASE_CHARS DECIMAL_CHARS PUNCTUATION_CHARS
+#define CHARACTER_SET LOWERCASE_CHARS u8" " UPPERCASE_CHARS
 
 // NOLINTEND(cppcoreguidelines-macro-usage)
 constexpr size_t charSetSize = sizeof(CHARACTER_SET) - 1;
diff --git a/test/test_directory.cpp b/test/test_directory.cpp
index 58efc13..ba1c0e1 100644
--- a/test/test_directory.cpp
+++ b/test/test_directory.cpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ TEST(FudDirectory, Basic)
         ASSERT_TRUE(fileResult.isOkay());
         CBinaryFile file{std::move(fileResult).takeOkay()};
         ASSERT_EQ(file.open(), FudStatus::Success);
-        Array<utf8, 5> data{"test"};
+        Array<utf8, 5> data{u8"test"};
         WriteResult expected{data.size(), FudStatus::Success};
         auto writeResult = file.write(data);
         ASSERT_EQ(writeResult.bytesWritten, expected.bytesWritten);
diff --git a/test/test_format.cpp b/test/test_format.cpp
index 4dec6b1..b9d373c 100644
--- a/test/test_format.cpp
+++ b/test/test_format.cpp
@@ -27,20 +27,20 @@ TEST(FormatTest, BasePositionalTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{" {1:}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8" {1:}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::ArgumentInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.position, 1);
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 3);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{""}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8""}, length);
     ASSERT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeErrorOr(FudStatus::NotImplemented), FudStatus::ArgumentInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 4);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, AlignTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:<}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:<}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.position, 1);
@@ -74,14 +74,14 @@ TEST(FormatTest, AlignTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.hasLocale);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.formatType, FormatType::Unspecified);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:<<}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:<<}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.position, 1);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.fill.align(), FormatAlign::Value::Left);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.fill.fill, '<');
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:<<}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:<<}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, AlignTest)
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.fill.align(), FormatAlign::Value::Left);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.fill.fill, '<');
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:_<}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:_<}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:_< }"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:_< }"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:+}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:+}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:-}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:-}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:_<#}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:_<#}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:_<0}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:_<0}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1: #}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1: #}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -164,15 +164,15 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:# }"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:# }"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:##}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:##}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1: 0}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1: 0}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -183,19 +183,19 @@ TEST(FormatTest, SpecialTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.alternateForm);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatSpec.leadingZero);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:0 }"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:0 }"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:0#}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:0#}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:#00}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:#00}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1: #0}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1: #0}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, WidthTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:1}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:1}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, WidthTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.takesWidth);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.width, 1);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:543}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:543}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, WidthTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.takesWidth);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.width, 543);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:543}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:543}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -236,16 +236,16 @@ TEST(FormatTest, WidthTest)
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.width, 543);
 
     // leading zero
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:00}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:00}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
     // #x100000000 4294967296
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:4294967296}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:4294967296}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::RangeError);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:{1}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:{1}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -254,15 +254,15 @@ TEST(FormatTest, WidthTest)
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.width, 1);
 
     // #x10000 65536
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:{65536}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:{65536}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::RangeError);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:{1}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:{1}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:{}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:{}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, PrecisionTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:.1}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:.1}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, PrecisionTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.takesPrecision);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.precision, 1);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:.543}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:.543}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 8);
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, PrecisionTest)
     EXPECT_FALSE(formatSpec.takesPrecision);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.precision, 543);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:.543}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:.543}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 7);
@@ -300,16 +300,16 @@ TEST(FormatTest, PrecisionTest)
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.precision, 543);
 
     // leading zero
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:00}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:00}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
     // #x100000000 4294967296
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:.4294967296}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:.4294967296}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::RangeError);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:.{1}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:.{1}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 8);
@@ -318,15 +318,15 @@ TEST(FormatTest, PrecisionTest)
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.precision, 1);
 
     // #x10000 65536
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:.{65536}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:.{65536}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::RangeError);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:.{1}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:.{1}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.getError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:.{}}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:.{}}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 6);
@@ -339,14 +339,14 @@ TEST(FormatTest, LocaleTest)
 {
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{1:L}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{1:L}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     auto formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 5);
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpec.position, 1);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatSpec.hasLocale);
 
-    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:L}"}, length);
+    formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:L}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isOkay());
     formatSpec = formatSpecResult.takeOkay();
     EXPECT_EQ(length, 4);
@@ -358,23 +358,23 @@ TEST(FormatTest, FormatTest)
 {
     auto lengthArray{Array<size_t, 17>::constFill(0U)};
     const Array<FormatSpecResult, 17> formatTypeResults{
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:s}"}, lengthArray[0x00]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:?}"}, lengthArray[0x01]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:b}"}, lengthArray[0x02]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:B}"}, lengthArray[0x03]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:c}"}, lengthArray[0x04]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:d}"}, lengthArray[0x05]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:o}"}, lengthArray[0x06]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:x}"}, lengthArray[0x07]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:X}"}, lengthArray[0x08]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:a}"}, lengthArray[0x09]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:A}"}, lengthArray[0x0A]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:e}"}, lengthArray[0x0B]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:E}"}, lengthArray[0x0C]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:f}"}, lengthArray[0x0D]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:F}"}, lengthArray[0x0E]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:g}"}, lengthArray[0x0F]),
-        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:G}"}, lengthArray[0x10])};
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:s}"}, lengthArray[0x00]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:?}"}, lengthArray[0x01]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:b}"}, lengthArray[0x02]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:B}"}, lengthArray[0x03]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:c}"}, lengthArray[0x04]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:d}"}, lengthArray[0x05]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:o}"}, lengthArray[0x06]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:x}"}, lengthArray[0x07]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:X}"}, lengthArray[0x08]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:a}"}, lengthArray[0x09]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:A}"}, lengthArray[0x0A]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:e}"}, lengthArray[0x0B]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:E}"}, lengthArray[0x0C]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:f}"}, lengthArray[0x0D]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:F}"}, lengthArray[0x0E]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:g}"}, lengthArray[0x0F]),
+        FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:G}"}, lengthArray[0x10])};
     const Array<FormatType, 17> formatTypes{
         FormatType::String,
         FormatType::Escaped,
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, FormatTest)
 
     size_t length = 0;
 
-    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{"{:N}"}, length);
+    auto formatSpecResult = FormatSpec::parse(StringView{u8"{:N}"}, length);
     ASSERT_TRUE(formatSpecResult.isError());
     EXPECT_EQ(formatSpecResult.takeError(), FudStatus::FormatInvalid);
 }
@@ -415,13 +415,13 @@ TEST(FormatTest, NoArgFormatTest)
 {
     String sink{};
     auto expected = std::format("Test");
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "Test");
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"Test");
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("");
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "");
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"");
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 }
@@ -429,66 +429,66 @@ TEST(FormatTest, NoArgFormatTest)
 TEST(FormatTest, OneNumberFormatTest)
 {
     String sink{};
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "Test {:}", 42U);
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"Test {:}", 42U);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     auto expected = std::format("{:6}", 42U);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:6}", 42U);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:6}", 42U);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*<6}", std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:#X}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:#X}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:#X}", std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min());
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*<6}", 42U);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*<6}", 42U);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*<6}", 42U);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*>6}", 42U);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*>6}", 42U);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*>6}", 42U);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*^6}", 42U);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*^6}", 42U);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*^6}", 42U);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:*<6}", 'x');
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:*<6}", 'x');
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:*<6}", 'x');
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:6d}", 'x');
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:6d}", 'x');
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:6d}", 'x');
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 }
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneBoolFormatTest)
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     auto expected = std::format("{:6}", true);
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:6}", true);
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:6}", true);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 }
@@ -511,13 +511,13 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneFloatFormatUnspecifiedTest)
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     auto expected = std::format("{:}", 42.0);
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:}", 42.0);
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:}", 42.0);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("{:1.0}", 42.0);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0}", 42.0);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0}", 42.0);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
     expected = std::format("{:1.0}", 42.0);
@@ -535,73 +535,73 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneFloatFormatScientificTest)
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     auto expected = std::format("{:e}", 42.0);
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:e}", 42.0);
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:e}", 42.0);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.2e}", 0.99);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.2e}", 0.99);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.2e}", 0.99);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.1e}", 0.99);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.1e}", 0.99);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.1e}", 0.99);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.0e}", 0.99);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0e}", 0.99);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0e}", 0.99);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.0e}", -0.99);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0e}", -0.99);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0e}", -0.99);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.0e}", 42.0);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0e}", 42.0);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0e}", 42.0);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.0e}", 4.20e-5);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0e}", 4.20e-5);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0e}", 4.20e-5);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("{:1.0e}", -4.20e-5);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "{:1.0e}", -4.20e-5);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"{:1.0e}", -4.20e-5);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:e}", 3.14);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:e}", 3.14);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:e}", 3.14);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("E {:E}", 3.14);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "E {:E}", 3.14);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"E {:E}", 3.14);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", 3.14);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", 3.14);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", 3.14);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:+#010.0e}", 3.14);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:+#010.0e}", 3.14);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:+#010.0e}", 3.14);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
@@ -610,31 +610,31 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneFloatFormatScientificTest)
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", maxVal / 4);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", maxVal / 4);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", maxVal / 4);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", maxVal / 2);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", maxVal / 2);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", maxVal / 2);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", maxVal);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", maxVal);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", maxVal);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", std::numeric_limits<double>::min());
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", std::numeric_limits<double>::min());
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", std::numeric_limits<double>::min());
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("e {:.0e}", subNormMin);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "e {:.0e}", subNormMin);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"e {:.0e}", subNormMin);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneFloatFormatScientificTest)
 
     expected = std::format("E#+ {:+#060.50E}", val);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "E#+ {:+#060.50E}", val);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"E#+ {:+#060.50E}", val);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
     // Which is: "E#+ +0003.0000000000000000000000000000000000E+00"
@@ -651,19 +651,19 @@ TEST(FormatTest, OneFloatFormatScientificTest)
 /*
     expected = std::format("E#+ {:Z>+#060.30E}", val);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "E#+ {:Z>+#060.30E}", val);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"E#+ {:Z>+#060.30E}", val);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("E#+ {:Z<+#060.30E}", val);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "E#+ {:Z<+#060.30E}", val);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"E#+ {:Z<+#060.30E}", val);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     expected = std::format("E#+ {:Z^+#060.30E}", val);
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "E#+ {:Z^+#060.30E}", val);
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"E#+ {:Z^+#060.30E}", val);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 */
@@ -698,13 +698,13 @@ TEST(FormatTest, TwoArgFormatTest)
 {
     String sink{};
     auto expected = std::format("Test {:} {:}", 1U, false);
-    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "Test {:} {:}", 1U, false);
+    auto formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"Test {:} {:}", 1U, false);
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 
     ASSERT_EQ(sink.clear(), FudStatus::Success);
     expected = std::format("Test {:} {:}", 1U, "Hello");
-    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, "Test {:} {:}", 1U, "Hello");
+    formatResult = format(sink, FormatCharMode::Unchecked, u8"Test {:} {:}", 1U, u8"Hello");
     EXPECT_TRUE(formatResult.isOkay());
     EXPECT_STREQ(sink.c_str(), expected.c_str());
 }
diff --git a/test/test_string.cpp b/test/test_string.cpp
index 54e3802..9f5b24e 100644
--- a/test/test_string.cpp
+++ b/test/test_string.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ namespace fud {
 
 TEST(FudString, CStringLength)
 {
-    ASSERT_EQ(cStringLength(nullptr), -1);
+    const char* nullPointer = nullPointer;
+    ASSERT_EQ(cStringLength(nullPointer), -1);
     ASSERT_EQ(cStringLength(""), 0);
     ASSERT_EQ(cStringLength("a"), 1);
     ASSERT_EQ(cStringLength(MULTI_BYTE_LITERAL), sizeof(MULTI_BYTE_LITERAL) - 1);
diff --git a/test/test_utf8.cpp b/test/test_utf8.cpp
index 8c3cad2..591d1a3 100644
--- a/test/test_utf8.cpp
+++ b/test/test_utf8.cpp
@@ -203,9 +203,6 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8MultiByte)
             EXPECT_EQ(character.size(), multiByteCharacters[idx].size());
             EXPECT_EQ(character, multiByteCharacters[idx]);
             EXPECT_TRUE(multiByteCharacters[idx].valid());
-            if (character != multiByteCharacters[idx]) {
-                printf("idx = %zu, %.*s\n", idx, static_cast<int>(character.size()), character.data());
-            }
             idx++;
         }
         characterOpt = utf8Iter.next();
@@ -265,14 +262,14 @@ struct SpanGenerator {
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlphanumeric)
 {
     constexpr size_t numAlphanumericChars = 26 * 2 + 10;
-    Array<char, numAlphanumericChars + 1> alphanumericCharLiteral{ALPHA_NUMERIC_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numAlphanumericChars> alphanumericChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numAlphanumericChars + 1> alphanumericCharLiteral{ALPHA_NUMERIC_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numAlphanumericChars> alphanumericChars{};
     copyMem<numAlphanumericChars>(alphanumericChars, alphanumericCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(alphanumericChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isAlphanumeric)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonAlphanumericChars = validAsciiSize - numAlphanumericChars;
-    Vector<char> nonAlphanumericChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonAlphanumericChars{};
     for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isAlphanumeric(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonAlphanumericChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -291,11 +288,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlphanumeric)
         []() { return Array<utf8, invalidAsciiSize>{}; },
         [&]() { return iotaGenerator().map([](auto val) { return static_cast<utf8>(val); }); });
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, alphanumericChars.size()> alphanumericGenerator{alphanumericChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, alphanumericChars.size()> alphanumericGenerator{alphanumericChars.span()};
     auto utf8AlphanumericGenerator = [&]() { return alphanumericGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8AlphanumericGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isAlphanumeric)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonAlphanumericGenerator{nonAlphanumericChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonAlphanumericGenerator{nonAlphanumericChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonAlphanumericGenerator = [&]() { return nonAlphanumericGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonAlphanumericGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isAlphanumeric)));
 }
@@ -303,14 +300,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlphanumeric)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlpha)
 {
     constexpr size_t numAlphaChars = sizeof(ALPHA_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numAlphaChars + 1> alphaCharLiteral{ALPHA_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numAlphaChars> alphaChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numAlphaChars + 1> alphaCharLiteral{ALPHA_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numAlphaChars> alphaChars{};
     copyMem<numAlphaChars>(alphaChars, alphaCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(alphaChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isAlpha)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonAlphanumericChars = validAsciiSize - numAlphaChars;
-    Vector<char> nonAlphaChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonAlphaChars{};
     for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isAlphanumeric(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonAlphaChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -323,11 +320,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlpha)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isAlpha(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, alphaChars.size()> alphaGenerator{alphaChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, alphaChars.size()> alphaGenerator{alphaChars.span()};
     auto utf8AlphaGenerator = [&]() { return alphaGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8AlphaGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isAlpha)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonAlphaGenerator{nonAlphaChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonAlphaGenerator{nonAlphaChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonAlphaGenerator = [&]() { return nonAlphaGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonAlphaGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isAlpha)));
 }
@@ -335,14 +332,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsAlpha)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsLower)
 {
     constexpr size_t numLowerChars = 26;
-    Array<char, numLowerChars + 1> lowerCharLiteral{LOWERCASE_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numLowerChars> lowerChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numLowerChars + 1> lowerCharLiteral{LOWERCASE_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numLowerChars> lowerChars{};
     copyMem<numLowerChars>(lowerChars, lowerCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(lowerChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isLowercase)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonLowerChars = validAsciiSize - numLowerChars;
-    Vector<char> nonLowerChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonLowerChars{};
     for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isLowercase(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonLowerChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -355,11 +352,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsLower)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isLowercase(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, lowerChars.size()> lowerGenerator{lowerChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, lowerChars.size()> lowerGenerator{lowerChars.span()};
     auto utf8LowerGenerator = [&]() { return lowerGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8LowerGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isLowercase)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonLowerGenerator{nonLowerChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonLowerGenerator{nonLowerChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonLowerGenerator = [&]() { return nonLowerGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonLowerGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isLowercase)));
 }
@@ -367,15 +364,15 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsLower)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsUpper)
 {
     constexpr size_t numUpperChars = 26;
-    Array<char, numUpperChars + 1> upperCharLiteral{UPPERCASE_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numUpperChars> upperChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numUpperChars + 1> upperCharLiteral{UPPERCASE_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numUpperChars> upperChars{};
     copyMem<numUpperChars>(upperChars, upperCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(upperChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isUppercase)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonUpperChars = validAsciiSize - numUpperChars;
-    Vector<char> nonUpperChars{};
-    for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
+    Vector<utf8> nonUpperChars{};
+    for (utf8 idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isUppercase(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonUpperChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
         }
@@ -387,11 +384,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsUpper)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isUppercase(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, upperChars.size()> upperGenerator{upperChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, upperChars.size()> upperGenerator{upperChars.span()};
     auto utf8UpperGenerator = [&]() { return upperGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8UpperGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isUppercase)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonUpperGenerator{nonUpperChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonUpperGenerator{nonUpperChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonUpperGenerator = [&]() { return nonUpperGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonUpperGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isUppercase)));
 }
@@ -399,14 +396,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsUpper)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsDigit)
 {
     constexpr size_t numDigitChars = 10;
-    Array<char, numDigitChars + 1> digitCharLiteral{DECIMAL_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numDigitChars> digitChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numDigitChars + 1> digitCharLiteral{DECIMAL_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numDigitChars> digitChars{};
     copyMem<numDigitChars>(digitChars, digitCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(digitChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isDigit)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonDigitChars = validAsciiSize - numDigitChars;
-    Vector<char> nonDigitChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonDigitChars{};
     for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isDigit(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonDigitChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -419,11 +416,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsDigit)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isDigit(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, digitChars.size()> digitGenerator{digitChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, digitChars.size()> digitGenerator{digitChars.span()};
     auto utf8DigitGenerator = [&]() { return digitGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8DigitGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isDigit)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonDigitGenerator{nonDigitChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonDigitGenerator{nonDigitChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonDigitGenerator = [&]() { return nonDigitGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonDigitGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isDigit)));
 }
@@ -431,14 +428,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsDigit)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsHexDigit)
 {
     constexpr size_t numHexDigitChars = 6 * 2 + 10;
-    Array<char, numHexDigitChars + 1> hexDigitCharLiteral{"abcdefABCDEF0123456789"};
-    Array<char, numHexDigitChars> hexDigitChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numHexDigitChars + 1> hexDigitCharLiteral{u8"abcdefABCDEF0123456789"};
+    Array<utf8, numHexDigitChars> hexDigitChars{};
     copyMem<numHexDigitChars>(hexDigitChars, hexDigitCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(hexDigitChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isHexDigit)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonHexDigitChars = validAsciiSize - numHexDigitChars;
-    Vector<char> nonHexDigitChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonHexDigitChars{};
     for (char idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX; ++idx) {
         if (!isHexDigit(idx)) {
             ASSERT_EQ(nonHexDigitChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -451,11 +448,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsHexDigit)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isHexDigit(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, hexDigitChars.size()> hexDigitGenerator{hexDigitChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, hexDigitChars.size()> hexDigitGenerator{hexDigitChars.span()};
     auto utf8HexDigitGenerator = [&]() { return hexDigitGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8HexDigitGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isHexDigit)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonHexDigitGenerator{nonHexDigitChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonHexDigitGenerator{nonHexDigitChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonHexDigitGenerator = [&]() { return nonHexDigitGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonHexDigitGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isHexDigit)));
 }
@@ -463,14 +460,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsHexDigit)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsControl)
 {
     Iota<char> controlArrayGenerator{0, 1, numControlChars};
-    auto controlChars = generate([]() { return Array<char, numControlChars>{}; }, controlArrayGenerator);
+    auto controlChars = generate([]() { return Array<utf8, numControlChars>{}; }, controlArrayGenerator);
     constexpr const char deleteChar = 0x7F;
     controlChars.back() = deleteChar;
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(controlChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isControl)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonControlChars = INT8_MAX + 1 - numControlChars;
-    Vector<char> nonControlChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonControlChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonControlChars.reserve(numNonControlChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (auto idx = numControlChars - 1; idx < deleteChar; ++idx) {
         ASSERT_EQ(nonControlChars.pushBack(idx), FudStatus::Success);
@@ -483,11 +480,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsControl)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isControl(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, controlChars.size()> controlGenerator{controlChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, controlChars.size()> controlGenerator{controlChars.span()};
     auto utf8ControlGenerator = [&]() { return controlGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8ControlGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isControl)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonControlGenerator{nonControlChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonControlGenerator{nonControlChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonControlGenerator = [&]() { return nonControlGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonControlGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isControl)));
 }
@@ -495,14 +492,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsControl)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsGraphical)
 {
     constexpr size_t numGraphicalChars = sizeof(GRAPHICAL_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numGraphicalChars + 1> graphicalCharLiteral{GRAPHICAL_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numGraphicalChars> graphicalChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numGraphicalChars + 1> graphicalCharLiteral{GRAPHICAL_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numGraphicalChars> graphicalChars{};
     copyMem<numGraphicalChars>(graphicalChars, graphicalCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(graphicalChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isGraphical)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonGraphicalChars = validAsciiSize - numGraphicalChars;
-    Vector<char> nonGraphicalChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonGraphicalChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonGraphicalChars.reserve(numNonGraphicalChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX + 1; ++idx) {
         if (!isGraphical(static_cast<char>(idx))) {
@@ -518,11 +515,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsGraphical)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isGraphical(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, graphicalChars.size()> graphicalGenerator{graphicalChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, graphicalChars.size()> graphicalGenerator{graphicalChars.span()};
     auto utf8GraphicalGenerator = [&]() { return graphicalGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8GraphicalGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isGraphical)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonGraphicalGenerator{nonGraphicalChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonGraphicalGenerator{nonGraphicalChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonGraphicalGenerator = [&]() { return nonGraphicalGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonGraphicalGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isGraphical)));
 }
@@ -530,14 +527,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsGraphical)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsSpace)
 {
     constexpr size_t numSpaceChars = sizeof(SPACE_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numSpaceChars + 1> spaceCharLiteral{SPACE_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numSpaceChars> spaceChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numSpaceChars + 1> spaceCharLiteral{SPACE_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numSpaceChars> spaceChars{};
     copyMem<numSpaceChars>(spaceChars, spaceCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(spaceChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isSpace)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonSpaceChars = validAsciiSize - numSpaceChars;
-    Vector<char> nonSpaceChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonSpaceChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonSpaceChars.reserve(numNonSpaceChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX + 1; ++idx) {
         if (!isSpace(static_cast<char>(idx))) {
@@ -553,11 +550,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsSpace)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isSpace(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, spaceChars.size()> spaceGenerator{spaceChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, spaceChars.size()> spaceGenerator{spaceChars.span()};
     auto utf8SpaceGenerator = [&]() { return spaceGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8SpaceGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isSpace)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonSpaceGenerator{nonSpaceChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonSpaceGenerator{nonSpaceChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonSpaceGenerator = [&]() { return nonSpaceGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonSpaceGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isSpace)));
 }
@@ -565,14 +562,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsSpace)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsBlank)
 {
     constexpr size_t numBlankChars = sizeof(BLANK_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numBlankChars + 1> blankCharLiteral{BLANK_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numBlankChars> blankChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numBlankChars + 1> blankCharLiteral{BLANK_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numBlankChars> blankChars{};
     copyMem<numBlankChars>(blankChars, blankCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(blankChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isBlank)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonBlankChars = validAsciiSize - numBlankChars;
-    Vector<char> nonBlankChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonBlankChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonBlankChars.reserve(numNonBlankChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX + 1; ++idx) {
         if (!isBlank(static_cast<char>(idx))) {
@@ -588,11 +585,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsBlank)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isBlank(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, blankChars.size()> blankGenerator{blankChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, blankChars.size()> blankGenerator{blankChars.span()};
     auto utf8BlankGenerator = [&]() { return blankGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8BlankGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isBlank)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonBlankGenerator{nonBlankChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonBlankGenerator{nonBlankChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonBlankGenerator = [&]() { return nonBlankGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonBlankGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isBlank)));
 }
@@ -600,14 +597,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsBlank)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsPrintable)
 {
     constexpr size_t numPrintableChars = sizeof(PRINTABLE_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numPrintableChars + 1> printableCharLiteral{PRINTABLE_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numPrintableChars> printableChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numPrintableChars + 1> printableCharLiteral{PRINTABLE_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numPrintableChars> printableChars{};
     copyMem<numPrintableChars>(printableChars, printableCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(printableChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isPrintable)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonPrintableChars = validAsciiSize - numPrintableChars;
-    Vector<char> nonPrintableChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonPrintableChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonPrintableChars.reserve(numNonPrintableChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX + 1; ++idx) {
         if (!isPrintable(static_cast<char>(idx))) {
@@ -623,11 +620,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsPrintable)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isPrintable(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, printableChars.size()> printableGenerator{printableChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, printableChars.size()> printableGenerator{printableChars.span()};
     auto utf8PrintableGenerator = [&]() { return printableGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8PrintableGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isPrintable)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonPrintableGenerator{nonPrintableChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonPrintableGenerator{nonPrintableChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonPrintableGenerator = [&]() { return nonPrintableGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonPrintableGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isPrintable)));
 }
@@ -635,14 +632,14 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsPrintable)
 TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsPunctuation)
 {
     constexpr size_t numPunctuationChars = sizeof(PUNCTUATION_CHARS) - 1;
-    Array<char, numPunctuationChars + 1> punctuationCharLiteral{PUNCTUATION_CHARS};
-    Array<char, numPunctuationChars> punctuationChars{};
+    Array<utf8, numPunctuationChars + 1> punctuationCharLiteral{PUNCTUATION_CHARS};
+    Array<utf8, numPunctuationChars> punctuationChars{};
     copyMem<numPunctuationChars>(punctuationChars, punctuationCharLiteral);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(punctuationChars.span(), static_cast<CharPredicate>(isPunctuation)));
 
     constexpr size_t numNonPunctuationChars = validAsciiSize - numPunctuationChars;
-    Vector<char> nonPunctuationChars{};
+    Vector<utf8> nonPunctuationChars{};
     ASSERT_EQ(nonPunctuationChars.reserve(numNonPunctuationChars), FudStatus::Success);
     for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < INT8_MAX + 1; ++idx) {
         if (!isPunctuation(static_cast<char>(idx))) {
@@ -658,11 +655,11 @@ TEST(Utf8Test, Utf8IsPunctuation)
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(isPunctuation(FudUtf8{Ascii{invalidAscii}}));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char, punctuationChars.size()> punctuationGenerator{punctuationChars.span()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8, punctuationChars.size()> punctuationGenerator{punctuationChars.span()};
     auto utf8PunctuationGenerator = [&]() { return punctuationGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_TRUE(allOf(utf8PunctuationGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isPunctuation)));
 
-    SpanGenerator<char> nonPunctuationGenerator{nonPunctuationChars.span().takeOkay()};
+    SpanGenerator<utf8> nonPunctuationGenerator{nonPunctuationChars.span().takeOkay()};
     auto utf8NonPunctuationGenerator = [&]() { return nonPunctuationGenerator().map(toUtf8<uint16_t>); };
     ASSERT_FALSE(anyOf(utf8NonPunctuationGenerator, static_cast<FudUtf8Predicate>(isPunctuation)));
 }